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Radiography represents the first level imaging technique in patients with traumatic injury of the mandible. The treatment varies depending on the anatomic area and type of fracture. Knowledge of the action of masticatory muscles is crucial for recognising bone fragment displacements. X-ray films, including panoramic radiography, are usually limited to mild traumatic events.Ĭomputed tomography is the tool of choice for the assessment of mandibular fractures. Mandibular fractures represent two thirds of all maxillofacial fractures. The main purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate a practical description of the pathophysiology of mandibular fractures and describe both the imaging techniques to recognise them and the therapeutic indications. Therapeutic options include a conservative approach or surgical treatment based on the anatomic area and the severity of fracture. No reference standard classification system for the different types of mandibular fractures is defined. Panoramic radiography is usually limited to isolated lesions, whereas computed tomography is the tool of choice for all other facial traumatic events.
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The clinical features of mandibular fractures include malocclusion and loss of mandibular function. Mandibular fractures are among the most common maxillofacial fractures observed in emergency rooms and are mainly caused by road accidents.
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